I. Introduction to China’s Three Major Telecommunications Operators
Before applying for a phone card, it’s essential to understand China’s telecom operators: their differences, advantages/disadvantages, and how to choose. As the world’s largest mobile communications market, China has several major players, including both long-established giants and emerging competitors. Let’s explore the three primary operators and their characteristics:
China Mobile
Similar to China Telecom, China Mobile is a vice-ministerial-level state-owned enterprise, specializing in mobile communications. Established on April 20, 2000, as part of China’s telecom reform, it was restructured into a wholly state-owned company in 2017 and listed in Hong Kong and New York.
China Mobile dominates China’s 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G networks, boasting the largest number of mobile users. With extensive network coverage, stable services, and innovative offerings, it has a high global profile. As a leader in 5G infrastructure, it has built over 1 million 5G base stations, serving 470 million 5G users as of June 27, 2023.
China Telecom
Founded in 1995 and restructured in 2000, China Telecom is a vice-ministerial-level enterprise with a strong government partnership (e.g., global partner of the Shanghai World Expo) and consecutive years on the Fortune Global 500 list.
It specializes in fixed-line telephones, broadband, mobile communications, and information services. In the 5G era, China Telecom has actively deployed 5G networks, offering faster and more stable connectivity. Key milestones include launching the Tianyi NO1 2021 5G smartphone in 2021, listing on the A-share market in 2022, and initiating the first global 5G roaming trial in 2023.
China Unicom
Formed by the merger of China Netcom and China Unicom in 2009, China Unicom is the only Chinese telecom operator listed in New York, Hong Kong, and Shanghai, with a global network and customer service system.
While China Mobile and China Telecom lead in 5G network expansion and user acquisition, China Unicom faces stronger competition, ranking third in market share. To grow, it has shifted focus to internet, cloud computing, and big data, often partnering with other firms to build open ecosystems.
Summary:
- China Mobile: Largest user base, most 5G base stations, and highest revenue.
- China Telecom: Strong in broadband services, reliable 5G infrastructure.
- China Unicom: Focus on innovation and partnerships, lower market presence.
Choose based on personal needs, as both the operator and tariff plan matter.
II. Documents Required for Foreigners to Buy Phone Cards in Mainland China
In Mainland China, phone card purchases require real-name registration. Foreigners must provide:
- Valid passport (with at least 6 months validity)
- Chinese visa or residence permit
- Proof of address (e.g., rental contract or hotel booking confirmation)
- In-person application is mandatory, as identity verification via facial recognition is required.
III. How to Apply for a Phone Card in Mainland China
(1) Offline Application at Service Halls
While all three major operators allow passport-based purchases, foreigners must apply in person at local service halls. The process is straightforward and takes ~15 minutes (depending on queue size).
Steps:
- Choose an Operator: Research tariffs and coverage to select between China Mobile, China Telecom, or China Unicom.
- Locate a Service Hall: Use maps to find nearby branches. Call ahead to confirm passport acceptance (some smaller branches may not support foreign applications).
- Prepare Documents: Ensure your passport, visa, and address proof are valid and ready.
- Visit the Service Hall:
- Fill out an application form with personal information and tariff preferences.
- Undergo facial recognition verification (required by MIIT regulations).
- Staff will review documents and issue the SIM card.
- Verify the Number: Activate the SIM via a temporary verification code (sent via SMS or entered manually).
- Payment: Pay for the SIM card and tariff plan using cash, bank card, or mobile payments (WeChat/Alipay).
Notes:
- Bilingual service is not guaranteed. Use translation apps or bring a Chinese-speaking companion if needed.
- Procedures may vary by city; check local operator policies in advance.
(2) Online Application with Nihao Mobile
For those unable to visit a service hall, Nihao Mobile offers a foreigner-friendly online solution.
About Nihao Mobile:
- A MIIT-authorized mobile operator specializing in services for foreigners and Hong Kong/Macao/Taiwan residents.
- Founded in 2020 to address language barriers, it serves users in over 200 countries and provides corporate services for embassies, international schools, and foreign enterprises.
Advantages:
- Multilingual support: Chinese, English, and German (French/Korean coming soon).
- English-speaking customer service via phone/email, with dedicated support at every stage.
- Fully online process: Order, activate with a passport, recharge, and manage services via the website, app, or WeChat.
- International payment options: PayPal/Tour Card for users without Chinese mobile payments.
- Fast delivery: Same-day shipping via JD.com or SF Express.
- Suspension service: Temporarily pause service when abroad and resume later without losing the number.
Application & Activation Steps:
- Visit the Nihao Mobile Website:
- Select English via the “Language” button in the top-right corner.
- Click on the product and services bar (Our offer):
3. Choose between “Data & Voice Plan” or “Big Data Plan”.
Nihao Mobile offers two types of plans: one is the Data & Voice Plan, and the other is the Big Data Plan. You can choose according to your usage needs. The Big Data Plan is suitable for users who consume more data and make fewer calls in daily life. Regardless of the plan you choose, a monthly subscription fee is required.
4. Add to Cart and Check Out:
- Enter shipping information, agree to terms, and pay via WeChat, Alipay, or PayPal.
5. Activate the SIM Card:
- Scan the QR code upon delivery and activate online using your passport. Easily switch plans monthly.
IV. FAQs
Can foreign phone cards be used in Mainland China?
Yes, but international roaming must be enabled by your home operator (some plans include this by default). However, roaming fees are high; the most cost-effective option for long-term stays is to purchase a local Chinese phone card.